#!/bin/sh # # $Id: dbstart.sh 22-may⑵008.05:05:45 arogers Exp $ # Copyright (c) 1991, 2008, Oracle. All rights reserved. # ################################### # # usage: dbstart $ORACLE_HOME # # This script is used to start ORACLE from /etc/rc(.local). # It should ONLY be executed as part of the system boot procedure. # # This script will start all databases listed in the oratab file # whose third field is a "Y". If the third field is set to "Y" and # there is no ORACLE_SID for an entry (the first field is a *), # then this script will ignore that entry. # # This script requires that ASM ORACLE_SID's start with a +, and # that non-ASM instance ORACLE_SID's do not start with a +. # # If ASM instances are to be started with this script, it cannot # be used inside an rc*.d directory, and should be invoked from # rc.local only. Otherwise, the CSS service may not be available # yet, and this script will block init from completing the boot # cycle. # # If you want dbstart to auto-start a single-instance database that uses # an ASM server that is auto-started by CRS (this is the default behavior # for an ASM cluster), you must change the database's ORATAB entry to use # a third field of "W" and the ASM's ORATAB entry to use a third field of "N". # These values specify that dbstart auto-starts the database only after # the ASM instance is up and running. # # Note: # Use ORACLE_TRACE=T for tracing this script. # # The progress log for each instance bringup plus Error and Warning message[s] # are logged in file $ORACLE_HOME/startup.log. The error messages related to # instance bringup are also logged to syslog (system log module). # The Listener log is located at $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/listener.log # # On all UNIX platforms except SOLARIS # ORATAB=/etc/oratab # # To configure, update ORATAB with Instances that need to be started up # Entries are of the form: # $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y|W>: # An example entry: # main:/usr/lib/oracle/emagent_10g:Y # # Overall algorithm: # 1) Bring up all ASM instances with 'Y' entry in status field in oratab entry # 2) Bring up all Database instances with 'Y' entry in status field in # oratab entry # 3) If there are Database instances with 'W' entry in status field # then # iterate over all ASM instances (irrespective of 'Y' or 'N') AND # wait for all of them to be started # fi # 4) Bring up all Database instances with 'W' entry in status field in # oratab entry # ##################################### LOGMSG="logger -puser.alert -s " trap 'exit' 1 2 3 # for script tracing case $ORACLE_TRACE in T) set -x ;; esac # Set path if path not set (if called from /etc/rc) SAVE_PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/etc:${PATH} ; export PATH SAVE_LLP=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH # First argument is used to bring up Oracle Net Listener ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1 if [ ! $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER ] ; then echo "ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-start Oracle Net Listener" echo "Usage: $0 ORACLE_HOME" else LOG=$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/listener.log # Set the ORACLE_HOME for the Oracle Net Listener, it gets reset to # a different ORACLE_HOME for each entry in the oratab. export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER # Start Oracle Net Listener if [ -x $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr ] ; then echo "$0: Starting Oracle Net Listener" >> $LOG 2>&1 $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/lsnrctl start >> $LOG 2>&1 & VER10LIST=`$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/lsnrctl version | grep "LSNRCTL for " | cut -d' ' -f5 | cut -d'.' -f1` export VER10LIST else echo "Failed to auto-start Oracle Net Listener using $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr" fi fi # Set this in accordance with the platform ORATAB=/etc/oratab if [ ! $ORATAB ] ; then echo "$ORATAB not found" exit 1; fi # Checks Version Mismatch between Listener and Database Instance. # A version 10 listener is required for an Oracle Database 10g database. # Previous versions of the listener are not supported for use with an Oracle # Database 10g database. However, it is possible to use a version 10 listener # with previous versions of the Oracle database. checkversionmismatch() { if [ $VER10LIST ] ; then VER10INST=`sqlplus -V | grep "Release " | cut -d' ' -f3 | cut -d'.' -f1` if [ $VER10LIST -lt $VER10INST ] ; then $LOGMSG "Listener version $VER10LIST NOT supported with Database version $VER10INST" $LOGMSG "Restart Oracle Net Listener using an alternate ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER:" $LOGMSG "lsnrctl start" fi fi } # Starts a Database Instance startinst() { # Called programs use same database ID export ORACLE_SID # Put $ORACLE_HOME/bin into PATH and export. PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:${SAVE_PATH} ; export PATH # add for bug # 652997 LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${ORACLE_HOME}/lib:${SAVE_LLP} ; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH PFILE=${ORACLE_HOME}/dbs/init${ORACLE_SID}.ora SPFILE=${ORACLE_HOME}/dbs/spfile${ORACLE_SID}.ora SPFILE1=${ORACLE_HOME}/dbs/spfile.ora echo "" echo "$0: Starting up database "$ORACLE_SID"" date echo "" checkversionmismatch # See if it is a V6 or V7 database VERSION=undef if [ -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqldba ] ; then SQLDBA=sqldba VERSION=`$ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqldba command=exit | awk ' /SQL*DBA: (Release|Version)/ {split($3, V, ".") ; print V[1]}'` case $VERSION in "6") ;; *) VERSION="internal" ;; esac else if [ -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/svrmgrl ] ; then SQLDBA=svrmgrl VERSION="internal" else SQLDBA="sqlplus /nolog" fi fi STATUS=1 if [ -f $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/sgadef${ORACLE_SID}.dbf ] ; then STATUS="⑴" fi if [ -f $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/sgadef${ORACLE_SID}.ora ] ; then STATUS="⑴" fi pmon=`ps -ef | grep -w "ora_pmon_$ORACLE_SID" | grep -v grep` if [ "$pmon" != "" ] ; then STATUS="⑴" $LOGMSG "Warning: ${INST} "${ORACLE_SID}" already started." fi if [ $STATUS -eq ⑴ ] ; then $LOGMSG "Warning: ${INST} "${ORACLE_SID}" possibly left running when system went down (system crash?)." $LOGMSG "Action: Notify Database Administrator." case $VERSION in "6") sqldba "command=shutdown abort" ;; "internal") $SQLDBA $args <<EOF connect internal shutdown abort EOF ;; *) $SQLDBA $args <<EOF connect / as sysdba shutdown abort quit EOF ;; esac if [ $? -eq 0 ] ; then STATUS=1 else $LOGMSG "Error: ${INST} "${ORACLE_SID}" NOT started." fi fi if [ $STATUS -eq 1 ] ; then if [ -e $SPFILE -o -e $SPFILE1 -o -e $PFILE ] ; then case $VERSION in "6") sqldba command=startup ;; "internal") $SQLDBA <<EOF connect internal startup EOF ;; *) $SQLDBA <<EOF connect / as sysdba startup quit EOF ;; esac if [ $? -eq 0 ] ; then echo "" echo "$0: ${INST} "${ORACLE_SID}" warm started." else $LOGMSG "" $LOGMSG "Error: ${INST} "${ORACLE_SID}" NOT started." fi else $LOGMSG "" $LOGMSG "No init file found for ${INST} "${ORACLE_SID}"." $LOGMSG "Error: ${INST} "${ORACLE_SID}" NOT started." fi fi } # Starts an ASM Instance startasminst() { # Called programs use same database ID export ORACLE_SID ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -` # Called scripts use same home directory export ORACLE_HOME # For ASM instances, we have a dependency on the CSS service. # Wait here for it to become available before instance startup. # Is the 10g install intact? Are all necessary binaries present? if [ ! -x $ORACLE_HOME/bin/crsctl ]; then $LOGMSG "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/crsctl not found when attempting to start" $LOGMSG " ASM instance $ORACLE_SID." else COUNT=0 $ORACLE_HOME/bin/crsctl check css RC=$? while [ "$RC" != "0" ]; do COUNT=`expr $COUNT + 1` if [ $COUNT = 15 ] ; then # 15 tries with 20 sec interval => 5 minutes timeout $LOGMSG "Timed out waiting to start ASM instance $ORACLE_SID" $LOGMSG " CSS service is NOT available." exit $COUNT fi $LOGMSG "Waiting for Oracle CSS service to be available before starting " $LOGMSG " ASM instance $ORACLE_SID. Wait $COUNT." sleep 20 $ORACLE_HOME/bin/crsctl check css RC=$? done fi startinst } # Start of dbstartup script # # Loop for every entry in oratab file and and try to start # that ORACLE. # # ASM instances need to be started before 'Database instances' # ASM instance is identified with '+' prefix in ORACLE_SID # Following loop brings up ASM instance[s] cat $ORATAB | while read LINE do case $LINE in #*) ;; #comment-line in oratab *) ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -` if [ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then # same as NULL SID - ignore this entry ORACLE_SID="" continue fi # Proceed only if last field is 'Y'. if [ "`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $NF}' -`" = "Y" ] ; then # If ASM instances if [ `echo $ORACLE_SID | cut -b 1` = '+' ]; then INST="ASM instance" ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -` # Called scripts use same home directory export ORACLE_HOME # file for logging script's output LOG=$ORACLE_HOME/startup.log touch $LOG chmod a+r $LOG echo "Processing $INST "$ORACLE_SID": log file $ORACLE_HOME/startup.log" startasminst >> $LOG 2>&1 fi fi ;; esac done # exit if there was any trouble bringing up ASM instance[s] if [ "$?" != "0" ] ; then exit 2 fi # # Following loop brings up 'Database instances' # cat $ORATAB | while read LINE do case $LINE in #*) ;; #comment-line in oratab *) ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -` if [ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then # same as NULL SID - ignore this entry ORACLE_SID="" continue fi # Proceed only if last field is 'Y'. if [ "`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $NF}' -`" = "Y" ] ; then # If non-ASM instances if [ `echo $ORACLE_SID | cut -b 1` != '+' ]; then INST="Database instance" ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -` # Called scripts use same home directory export ORACLE_HOME # file for logging script's output LOG=$ORACLE_HOME/startup.log touch $LOG chmod a+r $LOG echo "Processing $INST "$ORACLE_SID": log file $ORACLE_HOME/startup.log" startinst >> $LOG 2>&1 fi fi ;; esac done # # Following loop brings up 'Database instances' that have wait state 'W' # cat $ORATAB | while read LINE do case $LINE in #*) ;; #comment-line in oratab *) ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -` if [ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then # same as NULL SID - ignore this entry ORACLE_SID="" continue fi # Proceed only if last field is 'W'. if [ "`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $NF}' -`" = "W" ] ; then W_ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -` # DB instances with 'W' (wait state) have a dependency on ASM instances via CRS. # Wait here for 'all' ASM instances to become available. cat $ORATAB | while read LINE do case $LINE in #*) ;; #comment-line in oratab *) ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -` if [ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then # same as NULL SID - ignore this entry ORACLE_SID="" continue fi if [ `echo $ORACLE_SID | cut -b 1` = '+' ]; then INST="ASM instance" ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -` if [ -x $ORACLE_HOME/bin/srvctl ] ; then COUNT=0 NODE=`olsnodes -l` RNODE=`srvctl status asm -n $NODE | grep "$ORACLE_SID is running"` RC=$? while [ "$RC" != "0" ]; # wait until this comes up! do COUNT=$((COUNT+1)) if [ $COUNT = 5 ] ; then # 5 tries with 60 sec interval => 5 minutes timeout $LOGMSG "Error: Timed out waiting on CRS to start ASM instance $ORACLE_SID" exit $COUNT fi $LOGMSG "Waiting for Oracle CRS service to start ASM instance $ORACLE_SID" $LOGMSG "Wait $COUNT." sleep 60 RNODE=`srvctl status asm -n $NODE | grep "$ORACLE_SID is running"` RC=$? done else $LOGMSG "Error: "${W_ORACLE_SID}" has dependency on ASM instance "${ORACLE_SID}"" $LOGMSG "Error: Need $ORACLE_HOME/bin/srvctl to check this dependency" fi fi # asm instance ;; esac done # innner while fi ;; esac done # outer while # by now all the ASM instances have come up and we can proceed to bring up # DB instance with 'W' wait status cat $ORATAB | while read LINE do case $LINE in #*) ;; #comment-line in oratab *) ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -` if [ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then # same as NULL SID - ignore this entry ORACLE_SID="" continue fi # Proceed only if last field is 'W'. if [ "`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $NF}' -`" = "W" ] ; then INST="Database instance" if [ `echo $ORACLE_SID | cut -b 1` = '+' ]; then $LOGMSG "Error: ${INST} "${ORACLE_SID}" NOT started" $LOGMSG "Error: incorrect usage: 'W' not allowed for ASM instances" continue fi ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -` # Called scripts use same home directory export ORACLE_HOME # file for logging script's output LOG=$ORACLE_HOME/startup.log touch $LOG chmod a+r $LOG echo "Processing $INST "$ORACLE_SID": log file $ORACLE_HOME/startup.log" startinst >> $LOG 2>&1 fi ;; esac done

[root@yue rc.d]# cat rc.local #!/bin/bash su - oraele -c "/home/app/oraele/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/dbstart $ORACLE_HOME"

[root@yue rc.d]# cat /etc/oratab # # This file is used by ORACLE utilities. It is created by root.sh # and updated by the Database Configuration Assistant when creating # a database. # A colon, ':', is used as the field terminator. A new line terminates # the entry. Lines beginning with a pound sign, '#', are comments. # # Entries are of the form: # $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y>: # # The first and second fields are the system identifier and home # directory of the database respectively. The third filed indicates # to the dbstart utility that the database should , "Y", or should not, # "N", be brought up at system boot time. # # Multiple entries with the same $ORACLE_SID are not allowed. # # oraten:/home/app/oraten/product/10.2.0/db_1:Y oraele:/home/app/oraele/product/11.2.0/db_1:Y

[root@yue rc.d]# id oraten uid=1001(oraten) gid=1002(oinstall) 組=1002(oinstall),1001(dba) [root@yue rc.d]# id oraele uid=1522(oraele) gid=1002(oinstall) 組=1002(oinstall),1001(dba)

[oraele@yue ~]$ dbstart $ORACLE_HOME

oraele@yue db_1]$ ./bin/sqlplus /nolog SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on 星期4 12月 4 14:13:30 2014 Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All Rights Reserved. SQL> conn / as sysdba ERROR: ORA⑴2547: TNS:lost contact

[oraele@yue bin]$ ll oracle -rwxrwxr-x 1 oraten oinstall 125155528 8月 19 21:07 oracle

[root@yue bin]# chmod 6751 oracle [root@yue bin]# ll oracle -rwsr-s--x 1 oraten oinstall 125155528 8月 19 21:07 oracle

u：User，即文件或目錄的具有者。 g：Group，即文件或目錄的所屬群組。 o：Other，除文件或目錄具有者或所屬群組以外，其他用戶皆屬于這個范圍。 a：All，即全部的用戶，包括具有者，所屬群組和其他用戶。 有關權限代號的部份，列表于下： r：讀取權限，數字代號為"4"。 w：寫入權限，數字代號為"2"。 x：履行或切換權限，數字代號為"1"。 -：不具任何權限，數字代號為"0"。 s：當文件被履行時，根據who參數指定的用戶類型設置文件的setuid或setgid權限。