在Java Web開發中,由于Web容器內部所使用的編碼格式其實不支持中文,所以,處理閱讀器要求的中文數據會出現亂碼。
Web容器使用的編碼格式是ISO⑻859⑴,所以在Web利用的業務處理中也會使用ISO⑻859⑴的編碼格式。雖然閱讀器提交要求使用的中文編碼格式是UTF⑻,但是經業務處理中的ISO⑻859⑴編碼,就會出現亂碼。在開發中,處理此問題的方法是:通過過濾器來處理字符編碼。
范例:
實現圖書信息的添加功能,并創建字符編碼過濾器,避免中文亂碼出現。
(1)創建字符編碼過濾器,其名稱為EncodingFilter,該類實現了javax.servlet.Filter接口,并在doFilter()方法中對要求中的中文的字符編碼格式進行設置。
package com.zgy.filter;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
public class EncodingFilter implements Filter {
String encoding = null; // 字符編碼
@Override
public void destroy() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
encoding = null;
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if (encoding != null) {
request.setCharacterEncoding(encoding); //設置resquest字符編碼
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=" + encoding); //設置response字符編碼
}
chain.doFilter(request, response); //傳遞給下1個過濾器
}
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
encoding = filterConfig.getInitParameter("encoding"); //獲得初始化參數encoding
}
}
(2)配置過濾器EncodingFilter
<filter>
<filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.zgy.filter.EncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF⑻</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
(3)創建名為BookServlet類,該類繼承了HttpServlet,是處理添加圖書信息要求的Servlet對象。
package com.zgy.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class BookServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 處理get要求
doPost(request, response);
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); //獲得PrintWriter
String id = request.getParameter("id"); //獲得圖書編號
String name = request.getParameter("name"); //獲得圖書名稱
String author = request.getParameter("author"); //獲得圖書作者
String price = request.getParameter("price");
out.print("<h2>圖書信息添加成功</h2><hr>");
out.print("圖書編號:"+id+"</br>");
out.print("圖書名稱:"+name+"</br>");
out.print("圖書作者:"+author+"</br>");
out.print("圖書價格:"+price+"</br>");
out.flush();
out.close();
}
}
PS:
在Java Web開發中,通常情況下,Servlet所處理的要求是GET或POST,所以可以在doGet()方法中調用doPost()方法,把業務代碼寫到doPost()方法中,也能夠在doPost()方法中調用doGet()方法,把業務處理代碼寫到doGet()方法中,不管Servlet接受的要求類型是GET還是POST,Servlet都會對其進行處理
(4)配置BookServlet
<servlet>
<servlet-name>BookServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.zgy.servlet.BookServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>BookServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/BookServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
(5)創建book.jsp頁面,他是程序中的主頁,該頁面主要用于放置添加圖書信息的表單。
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF⑻"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>book page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
<form action="BookServlet" method="post">
<table align="center" border="1" width="350">
<tr>
<td class="2" align="center" colspan="2">
<h2>添加圖書信息</h2>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right">圖書編號:</td>
<td>
<input type="text" name="id">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right">圖書名稱:</td>
<td>
<input type="text" name="name">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right">圖書作者:</td>
<td>
<input type="text" name="author">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="right">圖書價格:</td>
<td>
<input type="text" name="price">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="2" align="center" colspan="2">
<input type="submit" value="添 加"/>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
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