Google Gson的使用方法,實現(xiàn)Json結(jié)構(gòu)的相互轉(zhuǎn)換
來源：程序員人生 發(fā)布時間：2015-02-27 07:54:55 閱讀次數(shù)：3242次
在Java開發(fā)中，有時需要保存1個數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)成字符串，可能你會斟酌用Json，但是當Json字符串轉(zhuǎn)換成Java對象時，轉(zhuǎn)換成的是JsonObject，其實不是你想要的Class類型的對象，操作起來就很不是愉悅，下面說的就能夠解決了這類問題。
首先，需要把Google的Gson的Jar包導(dǎo)入到項目中，這個導(dǎo)入包的簡單步驟就不展現(xiàn)了，Gson的下載鏈接：http://download.csdn.net/detail/qxs965266509/8367275
現(xiàn)在，我先自定義1個Class類
public class Student {
public int id;
public String nickName;
public int age;
public ArrayList<String> books;
public HashMap<String, String> booksMap;
}
案例1，案例2，案例3都是把Java的Class對象使用Gson轉(zhuǎn)換成Json的字符串
案例1：
僅包括基本數(shù)據(jù)類型的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)
Gson gson = new Gson();
Student student = new Student();
student.id = 1;
student.nickName = "喬曉松";
student.age = 22;
student.email = "965266509@qq.com";
Log.e("MainActivity", gson.toJson(student));
輸出結(jié)果是 ：
{"email":"965266509@qq.com","nickName":"喬曉松","id":1,"age":22}
案例2：
除基本數(shù)據(jù)類型還包括了List集合
Gson gson = new Gson();
Student student = new Student();
student.id = 1;
student.nickName = "喬曉松";
student.age = 22;
student.email = "965266509@qq.com";
ArrayList<String> books = new ArrayList<String>();
books.add("數(shù)學(xué)");
books.add("語文");
books.add("英語");
books.add("物理");
books.add("化學(xué)");
books.add("生物");
student.books = books;
Log.e("MainActivity", gson.toJson(student));
輸出結(jié)果是 ：{"books":["數(shù)學(xué)","語文","英語","物理","化學(xué)","生物"],"email":"965266509@qq.com","nickName":"喬曉松","id":1,"age":22}
案例3：
除基本數(shù)據(jù)類型還包括了List和Map集合
Gson gson = new Gson();
Student student = new Student();
student.id = 1;
student.nickName = "喬曉松";
student.age = 22;
student.email = "965266509@qq.com";
ArrayList<String> books = new ArrayList<String>();
books.add("數(shù)學(xué)");
books.add("語文");
books.add("英語");
books.add("物理");
books.add("化學(xué)");
books.add("生物");
student.books = books;
HashMap<String, String> booksMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
booksMap.put("1", "數(shù)學(xué)");
booksMap.put("2", "語文");
booksMap.put("3", "英語");
booksMap.put("4", "物理");
booksMap.put("5", "化學(xué)");
booksMap.put("6", "生物");
student.booksMap = booksMap;
Log.e("MainActivity", gson.toJson(student));
輸出結(jié)果是 ：
{"books":["數(shù)學(xué)","語文","英語","物理","化學(xué)","生物"],"booksMap":{"3":"英語","2":"語文","1":"數(shù)學(xué)","6":"生物","5":"化學(xué)","4":"物理"},"email":"965266509@qq.com","nickName":"喬曉松","id":1,"age":22}
案例4：
把案例3輸出的字符串使用Gson轉(zhuǎn)換成Student對象
Gson gson = new Gson();
Student student = new Student();
student.id = 1;
student.nickName = "喬曉松";
student.age = 22;
student.email = "965266509@qq.com";
ArrayList<String> books = new ArrayList<String>();
books.add("數(shù)學(xué)");
books.add("語文");
books.add("英語");
books.add("物理");
books.add("化學(xué)");
books.add("生物");
student.books = books;
HashMap<String, String> booksMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
booksMap.put("1", "數(shù)學(xué)");
booksMap.put("2", "語文");
booksMap.put("3", "英語");
booksMap.put("4", "物理");
booksMap.put("5", "化學(xué)");
booksMap.put("6", "生物");
student.booksMap = booksMap;
String result = gson.toJson(student);
Student studentG = gson.fromJson(result, Student.class);
Log.e("MainActivity", "id:" + studentG.id);
Log.e("MainActivity", "nickName:" + studentG.nickName);
Log.e("MainActivity", "age:" + studentG.age);
Log.e("MainActivity", "email:" + studentG.email);
Log.e("MainActivity", "books size:" + studentG.books.size());
Log.e("MainActivity", "booksMap size:" + studentG.booksMap.size());
輸出結(jié)果是 ：
id:1
nickName:喬曉松
age:22
email:965266509@qq.com
books size:6
booksMap size:6
通過這4個案例我解決你1定就把Gson的基本用法學(xué)會了，固然我們的需求可能需要把List或Map等集合的泛型換成我們自定義個class，這也是可以解決的，請看案例
案例5：
泛型的使用
public HashMap<String,Book> booksMap;
public class Book{
public int id;
public String name;
}
把booksMap轉(zhuǎn)換成字符串和上面的案例是1樣的，但是booksMap的Json字符串換成booksMap的實例對象就有點不同了，由于booksMap有自定義的泛型
HashMap<String, Book> booksMap = gson.fromJson(result, new TypeToken<HashMap<String, Book>>() { }.getType());
如果甚么疑問，請到我的博客列表頁面，QQ或郵件聯(lián)系我！如有轉(zhuǎn)載請著名來自http://blog.csdn.net/qxs965266509
源代碼下載鏈接：http://download.csdn.net/detail/qxs965266509/8367689
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