數(shù)據(jù)中心的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)

數(shù)據(jù)中心的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)

Per Brasher

       描繪某些個(gè)別公司熱中于對(duì)之夸大其詞的趨勢(shì)實(shí)在是太受人歡迎了。我的公司Yttibrium（Per Brasher是該公司的開(kāi)創(chuàng)人，同時(shí)也是PMC的資深技術(shù)顧問(wèn)）耗費(fèi)了數(shù)周的時(shí)間，尋根究底，試圖為客戶(hù)描畫(huà)出1幅清晰的圖畫(huà) 。以下是針對(duì)今后幾年數(shù)據(jù)中心發(fā)展趨勢(shì)的若干核心預(yù)測(cè)。

尋求電能使用效力（PUE）最小化的時(shí)期1去不復(fù)返

       由于美國(guó)能源署嚴(yán)格規(guī)定，任何取得國(guó)家科學(xué)基金的項(xiàng)目必須保持PUE在1.4乃至更高水平，而ASHRAE （美國(guó)采暖、制冷與空調(diào)工程師學(xué)會(huì)）TC9.條令則建議城市PUE值保持在1.2或更高，幾近所有的建筑公司要末是找到了切實(shí)方法，要末是把數(shù)據(jù)“洗綠”了以滿(mǎn)足這些需求。如果你還不了解該計(jì)算程式的漏洞所在，只需想想，若是在系統(tǒng)中加上效力顯著提升的IT負(fù)載會(huì)怎樣樣…哦？！明顯，發(fā)明這個(gè)方程的目的并不是意在中斷IT負(fù)載層面的任何創(chuàng)新？！

轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)架級(jí)別的解決方案

       愈來(lái)愈多的機(jī)架在遠(yuǎn)址構(gòu)建，1旦運(yùn)至數(shù)據(jù)中心，只需“分分鐘”就能夠設(shè)置好。許多廠(chǎng)商都將其吹噓成軟件定義的數(shù)據(jù)中心（SDDC），但實(shí)際上，遠(yuǎn)址集成、常規(guī)測(cè)試、穩(wěn)定性老化測(cè)試等所節(jié)省的本錢(qián)開(kāi)支非常客觀。企業(yè)還沒(méi)有積極地?fù)肀н@1軟件定義的理念，主要緣由是本錢(qián)/風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的計(jì)算還不太明確。但機(jī)架級(jí)的解決方案在本錢(qián)和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)兩方面的優(yōu)勢(shì)均10分顯著。因此，可以預(yù)計(jì)，待解決方案供應(yīng)商們醒過(guò)勁兒后，對(duì)機(jī)架級(jí)產(chǎn)品的需求將大幅度爬升。

基于POD的設(shè)計(jì)

       我避免稱(chēng)其為“模塊化”或“容器化”的設(shè)計(jì)，緣由在于有些解決方案利用了空置的倉(cāng)庫(kù)，在中間擺放1個(gè)容載系統(tǒng)；另外一些則成排構(gòu)建，在后門(mén)或走道旁放上散熱片；還有些公司則把全部建筑拿來(lái)使用。數(shù)據(jù)中心系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)正趨向于：消除過(guò)去巨大的前期1次性的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的建設(shè)投資，隨著自己業(yè)務(wù)增長(zhǎng)而逐漸購(gòu)買(mǎi)、擴(kuò)建數(shù)據(jù)中心裝備。從基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的角度來(lái)看，任何部件都可以預(yù)先設(shè)計(jì)，再在部署時(shí)進(jìn)行按需復(fù)制。一樣地，下降風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與本錢(qián)自然有其優(yōu)勢(shì)，因此，預(yù)計(jì)這個(gè)領(lǐng)域也會(huì)有快速的增長(zhǎng)。

低能耗密度的解決方案是王道

       隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)用成了慣常的考量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，而提供的方案的溫度卻延續(xù)提升，散熱能力就成了管理中的重要因素。DCiM工具與利用負(fù)載的集成尚有欠缺，尚不理想，因此，就有賴(lài)于從密度的角度來(lái)下降能耗。由于多數(shù)時(shí)候，訪(fǎng)問(wèn)速度并不是相當(dāng)重要，所以將會(huì)看到數(shù)據(jù)中心的建筑從城市中心區(qū)域向郊區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)移的趨勢(shì)，從而減緩了采用50+U的機(jī)架或高密度計(jì)算的壓力。

氣流方面的優(yōu)化對(duì)全球60%可用地點(diǎn)均行之有效

        選擇干燥溫暖的地方還是溫暖濕潤(rùn)的地方？這是個(gè)辣手的問(wèn)題。但是除用水這1塊的節(jié)能裝置的額外開(kāi)消，還需要巨大的儲(chǔ)水罐來(lái)晝夜下降水溫，這些都會(huì)增加整體本錢(qián)，而對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制并沒(méi)有補(bǔ)益。根據(jù)其設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明，所有IT裝備（除磁帶之外）都可適用于兩種系統(tǒng)。另外，也有云和COLO供應(yīng)商在力圖獲得額外的本錢(qián)節(jié)儉（既能下降構(gòu)建本錢(qián)，也能減少運(yùn)營(yíng)本錢(qián)）。

SAS將會(huì)成為經(jīng)常使用的存儲(chǔ)網(wǎng)絡(luò)

       連接在SAS“網(wǎng)格”上的SATA終端愈來(lái)愈常見(jiàn)。其技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn)在于，當(dāng)為SATA建立隧道傳送數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)，不同速率的端點(diǎn)（磁盤(pán)）會(huì)阻礙其它端點(diǎn)的通訊。因此我們把這些看成微型網(wǎng)絡(luò)，可支持多種簡(jiǎn)化/局限的利用場(chǎng)景：例如保護(hù)倒換來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)高可靠性，或簡(jiǎn)單的同享和提高可靠性的機(jī)制。事實(shí)證明，將硬盤(pán)從服務(wù)器機(jī)架上取出并置于獨(dú)立的外殼內(nèi)確有其好處（下降了EMI，從而延長(zhǎng)了其使用壽命），一樣也改良了其服務(wù)效力（速度更快，無(wú)需工具便可進(jìn)行替換），但是卻缺少任何網(wǎng)絡(luò)智能。

值得關(guān)注的技術(shù)趨勢(shì)

       HDD-> SMR

       DRAM-> NVDiMM

       IA-> SOC

       Tape-> BluRay

       NVMe/ PCIE Gen4 得到強(qiáng)勢(shì)推動(dòng)

 Data Center Trends

       It was incredibly popular to write abouttrends that one or another company thought reasonable to self aggrandize about.Yttibrium spent literally weeks sifting through all the mud to get a clearpicture for our clients. Here is our top pick for the coming year(s).

The Race for a Low PUE is Over

       With the DOE having mandated anyonegetting NSF funds must have a PUE of 1.4 or better, and ASHRAE TC9.9 havingmade the recommendation that municipalities require a PUE of 1.2 or better(good option to get more revenue if you ask me..tax the wasters!) Almost everybuilder out there has either created anoffering, or found a way to 'green wash' the numbers to meet the needs. If youare not familiar with the faultiness of the formula, just think what happens tothe overall number when you put in significantly more efficient IT load.. oops,that is not the intention of the formula, to stop innovation at the IT loadlevel.

Move to Rack Scale Solutions

       Racks are more and more being builtoff-site and once rolled into the DC, provisioned in 'minutes'. Many vendorstout this as SDDC, but in reality the cost savings of off-site integrators,test and burn in before the equipment hist the floor is compelling. Enterpriseshave been slow to adopt much of the SD* due mostly to an unclear cost/riskcalculation, but with Rack Scale Solutions having both lower cost and lowerrisk, expect to see the demand rise significantly as solutions providers wakeup.

POD Based Designs

        I avoid calling them 'Modular' or'Containerized' because some solutions use empty warehouse spaces, and plop acontainment system in the middle, and others build a row, put cooling fins onthe rear doors or over the isle, and even some build the whole building likethis. Point being the trend to sale as you grow Data Center systems haseliminated the huge up-front costs we saw in the past. Now everything from theinfrastructure point of view can be predesigned, and copy-paste deployment style.Again lowered risk, and lowered cost has it effect, so expect to see rapidadoption in this space as well.

Low Power Density Solutions Dominate

        As economizers are becoming the norm,and the supply side temperatures are being raised, the ability to cool becomesa critical element to manage. DCiM tools are not up-to-snuff yet, with a lackof integration with app loads, so we look to the density question to reducerisk. Since most access speeds are not critically important, look to see thebuildings trend away from the metropolitan districts in favor of a suburbanspace. this releases the pressure to go to 50+ U racks and high densitycompute, after all, "land is cheap outside Boise ID".

Airside Economizers Work for 60% of Potential Sites World Wide

       The choice of warm and dry vs. warm andwet is a real battle, but with the added losses of the waterside economizer,huge storage tanks are needed to cool the water over night, and use it duringthe day. That makes the overall cost rise, but does little to reduce risk.

SAS will Become the Storage Network

       SATA endpoints on a SAS 'fabric' isbecoming more popular. Challenge is when tunneling SATA, endpoints of differingspeeds, can bugger up things for the others. So we see these as micro nets,allowing a very reduced use-case, like HA fail-over, or other simpleavailability/sharing needs. The trend to take the drives off of the serverchassis and into their own enclosure has proven better for the drives (loweredEMI etc. makes them live longer) and for service (faster and tool-less swap),but left us wanting for just a little touch of network intelligence.

Technologies to Watch

       HDD-> SMR

       DRAM-> NVDiMM

       IA-> SOC

      Tape-> BluRay

      NVMe/ PCIE Gen4 getting a needed shot of steroids

      Sensors in the DC, BigData will start to run the DC

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