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Linux使用技巧7--GBK轉成UTF-8

來源：程序員人生發布時間：2015-05-15 07:49:13 閱讀次數：4138次

文件的內容編碼的轉換

Windows系統中編輯的Java源碼，在Linux下打開會出現中文亂碼的情況。緣由就是文件編碼格式的問題，Windows下通常是GBK而Linux下是UTF⑻。

在vim中用set fileencoding命令就能夠看出編碼格式，以下：

//linux下
fileencoding=utf-8
//windows下
fileencoding=latin1

最簡單的辦法就是在windows下將文件另存為utf8格式。那末在linux下我們可使用iconv工具將其轉換格式。

$ iconv --help
Usage: iconv [OPTION...] [FILE...]
Convert encoding of given files from one encoding to another.

 Input/Output format specification:
  -f, --from-code=NAME       encoding of original text
  -t, --to-code=NAME         encoding for output

 Information:
  -l, --list                 list all known coded character sets

 Output control:
  -c                         omit invalid characters from output
  -o, --output=FILE          output file
  -s, --silent               suppress warnings
      --verbose              print progress information

  -?, --help                 Give this help list
      --usage                Give a short usage message
  -V, --version              Print program version

$ iconv -f GBK -t UTF-8 test.java -o test2.java

轉換終了，中文亂碼就不見了。

文件/文件夾名的轉換

這就要用到convmv工具了。

$ convmv
Your Perl version has fleas #22111 #37757 #49830 
convmv 1.15 - converts filenames from one encoding to another
Copyright (C) 2003⑵011 Bjoern JACKE <bjoern@j3e.de>

 USAGE: convmv [options] FILE(S)
-f enc     encoding *from* which should be converted
-t enc     encoding *to* which should be converted
-r         recursively go through directories
-i         interactive mode (ask for each action)
--nfc      target files will be normalization form C for UTF-8 (Linux etc.)
--nfd      target files will be normalization form D for UTF-8 (OS X etc.)
--qfrom    be quiet about the "from" of a rename (if it screws up your terminal e.g.)
--qto      be quiet about the "to" of a rename (if it screws up your terminal e.g.)
--exec c   execute command instead of rename (use #1 and #2 and see man page)
--list     list all available encodings
--lowmem   keep memory footprint low (see man page)
--nosmart  ignore if files already seem to be UTF-8 and convert if posible
--notest   actually do rename the files
--replace  will replace files if they are equal
--unescape convert%20ugly%20escape%20sequences
--upper    turn to upper case
--lower    turn to lower case
--parsable write a parsable todo list (see man page)
--help     print this help