距離上1篇博客有段時間沒更新了,主要是最近有些私事致使的,那末就先來1篇簡單1點的博客脈動回來。
對加載圖片,大家都不陌生,1般為了盡量避免OOM都會依照以下做法:
其實對圖片加載還有種情況,就是單個圖片非常巨大,并且還不允許緊縮。比如顯示:世界地圖、清明上河圖、微博長圖等。
那末對這類需求,該如何做呢?
首先不緊縮,依照原圖尺寸加載,那末屏幕肯定是不夠大的,并且斟酌到內存的情況,不可能1次性整圖加載到內存中,所以肯定是局部加載,那末就需要用到1個類:
其次,既然屏幕顯示不完,那末最最少要添加1個上下左右拖動的手勢,讓用戶可以拖動查看。
那末綜上,本篇博文的目的就是去自定義1個顯示巨圖的View,支持用戶去拖動查看,大概的效果圖以下:
好吧,這清明上河圖太長了,想要觀看全圖,文末下載,圖片在assets目錄。固然如果你的圖,高度也很大,肯定也是可以上下拖動的。
BitmapRegionDecoder主要用于顯示圖片的某1塊矩形區域,如果你需要顯示某個圖片的指定區域,那末這個類非常適合。
對該類的用法,非常簡單,既然是顯示圖片的某1塊區域,那末最少只需要1個方法去設置圖片;1個方法傳入顯示的區域便可;詳見:
BitmapRegionDecoder提供了1系列的newInstance方法來構造對象,支持傳入文件路徑,文件描寫符,文件的inputstrem等。
例如:
BitmapRegionDecoder bitmapRegionDecoder = BitmapRegionDecoder.newInstance(inputStream, false);上述解決了傳入我們需要處理的圖片,那末接下來就是顯示指定的區域。
bitmapRegionDecoder.decodeRegion(rect, options);參數1很明顯是1個rect,參數2是BitmapFactory.Options,你可以控制圖片的inSampleSize,inPreferredConfig等。
那末下面看1個超級簡單的例子:
package com.zhy.blogcodes.largeImage; import android.graphics.Bitmap; import android.graphics.BitmapFactory; import android.graphics.BitmapRegionDecoder; import android.graphics.Rect; import android.os.Bundle; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.widget.ImageView; import com.zhy.blogcodes.R; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; public class LargeImageViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private ImageView mImageView; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_large_image_view); mImageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.id_imageview); try { InputStream inputStream = getAssets().open("tangyan.jpg"); //取得圖片的寬、高 BitmapFactory.Options tmpOptions = new BitmapFactory.Options(); tmpOptions.inJustDecodeBounds = true; BitmapFactory.decodeStream(inputStream, null, tmpOptions); int width = tmpOptions.outWidth; int height = tmpOptions.outHeight; //設置顯示圖片的中心區域 BitmapRegionDecoder bitmapRegionDecoder = BitmapRegionDecoder.newInstance(inputStream, false); BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options(); options.inPreferredConfig = Bitmap.Config.RGB_565; Bitmap bitmap = bitmapRegionDecoder.decodeRegion(new Rect(width / 2 - 100, height / 2 - 100, width / 2 + 100, height / 2 + 100), options); mImageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
上述代碼,就是使用BitmapRegionDecoder去加載assets中的圖片,調用bitmapRegionDecoder.decodeRegion解析圖片的中間矩形區域,返回bitmap,終究顯示在ImageView上。
效果圖:
上面的小圖顯示的即為下面的大圖的中間區域。
ok,那末目前我們已了解了BitmapRegionDecoder的基本用戶,那末往外分散,我們需要自定義1個控件去顯示巨圖就很簡單了,首先Rect的范圍就是我們View的大小,然后根據用戶的移動手勢,不斷去更新我們的Rect的參數便可。
根據上面的分析呢,我們這個自定義控件思路就非常清晰了:
理清了,發現so easy,下面上代碼:
package com.zhy.blogcodes.largeImage.view; import android.content.Context; import android.graphics.Bitmap; import android.graphics.BitmapFactory; import android.graphics.BitmapRegionDecoder; import android.graphics.Canvas; import android.graphics.Rect; import android.util.AttributeSet; import android.view.MotionEvent; import android.view.View; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; /** * Created by zhy on 15/5/16. */ public class LargeImageView extends View { private BitmapRegionDecoder mDecoder; /** * 圖片的寬度和高度 */ private int mImageWidth, mImageHeight; /** * 繪制的區域 */ private volatile Rect mRect = new Rect(); private MoveGestureDetector mDetector; private static final BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options(); static { options.inPreferredConfig = Bitmap.Config.RGB_565; } public void setInputStream(InputStream is) { try { mDecoder = BitmapRegionDecoder.newInstance(is, false); BitmapFactory.Options tmpOptions = new BitmapFactory.Options(); // Grab the bounds for the scene dimensions tmpOptions.inJustDecodeBounds = true; BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is, null, tmpOptions); mImageWidth = tmpOptions.outWidth; mImageHeight = tmpOptions.outHeight; requestLayout(); invalidate(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { if (is != null) is.close(); } catch (Exception e) { } } } public void init() { mDetector = new MoveGestureDetector(getContext(), new MoveGestureDetector.SimpleMoveGestureDetector() { @Override public boolean onMove(MoveGestureDetector detector) { int moveX = (int) detector.getMoveX(); int moveY = (int) detector.getMoveY(); if (mImageWidth > getWidth()) { mRect.offset(-moveX, 0); checkWidth(); invalidate(); } if (mImageHeight > getHeight()) { mRect.offset(0, -moveY); checkHeight(); invalidate(); } return true; } }); } private void checkWidth() { Rect rect = mRect; int imageWidth = mImageWidth; int imageHeight = mImageHeight; if (rect.right > imageWidth) { rect.right = imageWidth; rect.left = imageWidth - getWidth(); } if (rect.left < 0) { rect.left = 0; rect.right = getWidth(); } } private void checkHeight() { Rect rect = mRect; int imageWidth = mImageWidth; int imageHeight = mImageHeight; if (rect.bottom > imageHeight) { rect.bottom = imageHeight; rect.top = imageHeight - getHeight(); } if (rect.top < 0) { rect.top = 0; rect.bottom = getHeight(); } } public LargeImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { super(context, attrs); init(); } @Override public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) { mDetector.onToucEvent(event); return true; } @Override protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { Bitmap bm = mDecoder.decodeRegion(mRect, options); canvas.drawBitmap(bm, 0, 0, null); } @Override protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) { super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec); int width = getMeasuredWidth(); int height = getMeasuredHeight(); int imageWidth = mImageWidth; int imageHeight = mImageHeight; //默許直接顯示圖片的中心區域,可以自己去調理 mRect.left = imageWidth / 2 - width / 2; mRect.top = imageHeight / 2 - height / 2; mRect.right = mRect.left + width; mRect.bottom = mRect.top + height; } }
根據上述源碼:
ok,上面其實不復雜,不過大家有無注意到,這個監聽用戶move手勢的代碼寫的有點奇怪,恩,這里模仿了系統的ScaleGestureDetector,編寫了MoveGestureDetector,代碼以下:
MoveGestureDetector
package com.zhy.blogcodes.largeImage.view; import android.content.Context; import android.graphics.PointF; import android.view.MotionEvent; public class MoveGestureDetector extends BaseGestureDetector { private PointF mCurrentPointer; private PointF mPrePointer; //僅僅為了減少創建內存 private PointF mDeltaPointer = new PointF(); //用于記錄終究結果,并返回 private PointF mExtenalPointer = new PointF(); private OnMoveGestureListener mListenter; public MoveGestureDetector(Context context, OnMoveGestureListener listener) { super(context); mListenter = listener; } @Override protected void handleInProgressEvent(MotionEvent event) { int actionCode = event.getAction() & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK; switch (actionCode) { case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL: case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP: mListenter.onMoveEnd(this); resetState(); break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: updateStateByEvent(event); boolean update = mListenter.onMove(this); if (update) { mPreMotionEvent.recycle(); mPreMotionEvent = MotionEvent.obtain(event); } break; } } @Override protected void handleStartProgressEvent(MotionEvent event) { int actionCode = event.getAction() & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK; switch (actionCode) { case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: resetState();//避免沒有接收到CANCEL or UP ,保險起見 mPreMotionEvent = MotionEvent.obtain(event); updateStateByEvent(event); break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: mGestureInProgress = mListenter.onMoveBegin(this); break; } } protected void updateStateByEvent(MotionEvent event) { final MotionEvent prev = mPreMotionEvent; mPrePointer = caculateFocalPointer(prev); mCurrentPointer = caculateFocalPointer(event); //Log.e("TAG", mPrePointer.toString() + " , " + mCurrentPointer); boolean mSkipThisMoveEvent = prev.getPointerCount() != event.getPointerCount(); //Log.e("TAG", "mSkipThisMoveEvent = " + mSkipThisMoveEvent); mExtenalPointer.x = mSkipThisMoveEvent ? 0 : mCurrentPointer.x - mPrePointer.x; mExtenalPointer.y = mSkipThisMoveEvent ? 0 : mCurrentPointer.y - mPrePointer.y; } /** * 根據event計算多指中心點 * * @param event * @return */ private PointF caculateFocalPointer(MotionEvent event) { final int count = event.getPointerCount(); float x = 0, y = 0; for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { x += event.getX(i); y += event.getY(i); } x /= count; y /= count; return new PointF(x, y); } public float getMoveX() { return mExtenalPointer.x; } public float getMoveY() { return mExtenalPointer.y; } public interface OnMoveGestureListener { public boolean onMoveBegin(MoveGestureDetector detector); public boolean onMove(MoveGestureDetector detector); public void onMoveEnd(MoveGestureDetector detector); } public static class SimpleMoveGestureDetector implements OnMoveGestureListener { @Override public boolean onMoveBegin(MoveGestureDetector detector) { return true; } @Override public boolean onMove(MoveGestureDetector detector) { return false; } @Override public void onMoveEnd(MoveGestureDetector detector) { } } }BaseGestureDetector
package com.zhy.blogcodes.largeImage.view; import android.content.Context; import android.view.MotionEvent; public abstract class BaseGestureDetector { protected boolean mGestureInProgress; protected MotionEvent mPreMotionEvent; protected MotionEvent mCurrentMotionEvent; protected Context mContext; public BaseGestureDetector(Context context) { mContext = context; } public boolean onToucEvent(MotionEvent event) { if (!mGestureInProgress) { handleStartProgressEvent(event); } else { handleInProgressEvent(event); } return true; } protected abstract void handleInProgressEvent(MotionEvent event); protected abstract void handleStartProgressEvent(MotionEvent event); protected abstract void updateStateByEvent(MotionEvent event); protected void resetState() { if (mPreMotionEvent != null) { mPreMotionEvent.recycle(); mPreMotionEvent = null; } if (mCurrentMotionEvent != null) { mCurrentMotionEvent.recycle(); mCurrentMotionEvent = null; } mGestureInProgress = false; } }你可能會說,1個move手勢弄這么多代碼,太麻煩了。的確是的,move手勢的檢測非常簡單,那末之所以這么寫呢,主要是為了可以復用,比如現在有1堆的XXXGestureDetector,當我們需要監聽甚么手勢,就直接拿個detector來檢測多方便。我相信大家肯定也愁悶過Google,為何只有ScaleGestureDetector而沒有RotateGestureDetector呢。
根據上述,大家應當理解了為何要這么做,當時不強迫,每一個人都有個性。
不過值得1提的是:上面這個手勢檢測的寫法,不是我想的,而是1個開源的項目https://github.com/rharter/android-gesture-detectors,里面包括很多的手勢檢測。對應的博文是:http://code.almeros.com/android-multitouch-gesture-detectors#.VibzzhArJXg那面上面兩個類就是我偷學了的~ 哈
測試其實沒撒好說的了,就是把我們的LargeImageView放入布局文件,然后Activity里面去設置inputstream了。
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"> <com.zhy.blogcodes.largeImage.view.LargeImageView android:id="@+id/id_largetImageview" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"/> RelativeLayout>
然后在Activity里面去設置圖片:
package com.zhy.blogcodes.largeImage; import android.os.Bundle; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import com.zhy.blogcodes.R; import com.zhy.blogcodes.largeImage.view.LargeImageView; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; public class LargeImageViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private LargeImageView mLargeImageView; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_large_image_view); mLargeImageView = (LargeImageView) findViewById(R.id.id_largetImageview); try { InputStream inputStream = getAssets().open("world.jpg"); mLargeImageView.setInputStream(inputStream); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
效果圖:
ok,那末到此,顯示巨圖的方案和詳細的代碼就描寫完成了,整體還是非常簡單的。
但是,在實際的項目中,可能會有更多的需求,比如增加放大、縮小;增加快滑手勢等等,那末大家可以去參考這個庫:https://github.com/johnnylambada/WorldMap,該庫基本實現了絕大多數的需求,大家根據本文這個思路再去看這個庫,也會簡單很多,定制起來也容易。我這個地圖的圖就是該庫里面提供的。
哈,掌握了這個,以后面試進程中也能夠悄悄的裝1把了,當你優雅的答完android加載圖片的方案以后,然后接1句,其實還有1種情況,就是高清顯示巨圖,那末我們應當…相信面試官對你的印象會好很多~ have a nice day ~
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